Is this you? As a journalist, you can create a free Muck Rack account to customize your profile, list your contact preferences, and upload a portfolio of your best work.
Claim your profile
Articles by Simon Kwan
The magic of Artificial Neural Network
This is my third article on the magic of the Artificial Neural Network. I have sketched the proof of the Universal Approximation Theorem and introduce the Hahn-Banach theorem in part 2. Let's continue our journey into the territory of Function Analysis... By using the Hahn-Banach Theorem, the linear functional defined on a vector subspace of some vector space can be extended to the whole space when the linear functional is dominated by a Sublinear Function. So, what is a Sublinear Function ?
The magic of Artificial Neural Network - Part 2
This is my second article on unlocking the magic of Artificial Neural Network. In part 1, the space of real-valued continuous function C(Im) is introduced. We have proved that C(Im) is both a Topological Space and a Normed Space. Let’s continue our journey… Let S be the set of all artificial neural network functions. From the lens of Topology, we find that the Universal Approximation Theorem will be proven when we can show that the Closure of S is dense in C(Im).
Part 8 (Cheat Sheet)
Topological Space (X, τ): T1: ø, X ∈ τ T2: any (finite or infinite) union of sets in τ is itself in τ T3: any finite intersection of sets in τ is itself in τ CS1. ø, X are both closed sets CS2. any finite union of closed sets is a closed set CS3. any (finite or infinite) intersection of closed sets is a closed set Bases B = {b| b ⊆ X} Ba1. ∀x ∈ X, ∃b ∈ B such that x ∈ b ⊆ X, Ba2. For b1, b2 ∈ B and x ∈ b1∩b2, ∃b3 ∈ B such that x ∈ b3 ⊆ b1∩b2.
Part 7 (Locally Compact Hausdroff Space)
If the support of a continuous function is compact and can be contained by a finite union of open sets, then we can decompose this function as the sum of bump functions with compact support which is contained by one of the open sets. LCH2. Let X be a Locally Compact Hausdorff space. Let f ∈ K(X) and let U1,U2, ... Un be open subsets of X s.t. supp(f) ⊆ ∪{ Ui | 1≤i≤n }.
The Transmission of Negative Nominal Interest Rates in Finland
Working Papers 2023-11 | April 2023 More Working Papers Despite the implementation of negative nominal interest rates by several advanced economies in the last decade and the many papers that have been written about this novel policy tool, there is still much we do not know about the effectiveness of this instrument. The pass-through of negative policy rates to loan rates is one of the main points of contention.
Minority Banks during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Sophia Friesenhahn and Simon Kwan The COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affected the health and financial well-being of communities of color. Over the past year, minority banks that specialize in providing financial services to underserved communities and minority borrowers have also performed significantly worse than other banks of similar size. Minority banks projected higher loan losses and had lower profits than nonminority banks.
Resilience of Community Banks in the Time of COVID-19
Simon Kwan Stress tests in December 2020 showed that the largest U.S. banks had strong capital levels and could continue to lend to households and businesses under hypothetical severe recessions. Assessing thousands of small community banks against similar criteria suggests that, while about one-fifth could fall below adequate capitalization, only a handful of those risk becoming insolvent.
Risk of Business Insolvency during Coronavirus Crisis
Sophia M. Friesenhahn and Simon H. Kwan Many businesses had amassed high levels of debt, or leverage, before the COVID-19 pandemic. Out of precaution or necessity, firms increased their borrowing further after the onset. Although the shock to those firms’ value significantly increased their risk, measured by their distance-to-default, the default risk remains relatively small for most corporate debt.
Federal Reserve Bank San Francisco
Simon Kwan, senior research advisor at the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, states his views on the current economy and the outlook. Real GDP growth in the fourth quarter of 2014 was 2.6% according to the initial estimate from the Bureau of Economic Analysis. Inventory investment and net exports data through December were weaker than expected, suggesting the initial GDP estimate is likely to be revised downward.
Show More
loading
Actions
Is this you?
As a journalist, you can create a free Muck Rack account to customize your profile, list your contact preferences, and upload a portfolio of your best work.Get in touch with Simon
Contact Simon, search articles and posts on X, monitor coverage, and track replies from one place.
Learn more about Muck Rack