1 Introduction Wildlife trade is multifaceted and takes place for many purposes and at local to global scales. Trade can be informal in local markets, involve a small number of actors along regional supply chains, or involve many actors along complex international supply chains. Hundreds of millions of people worldwide depend on the extraction, use and/or trade of wildlife to meet their needs, but these activities also threaten thousands of species (Challender et al. 2023; Hinsley et al. 2023).
