1 Introduction The bamboo tribe Bambuseae (Poaceae: Bambusoideae), also known as the paleotropical and neotropical woody bamboos, has a significant role in ecology and socio-economy (Kambale et al., 2022) and is considered a phylogenetically and taxonomically challenging group (Goh et al., 2013; Liu et al., 2020). The cytonuclear discordance is a reflection of reticulate evolution, which makes the paleotropical woody bamboos a phylogenetically recalcitrant group (Liu et al., 2020).
