I Introduction Humanitarian migration typically includes refugees, asylum seekers, and people displaced by environmental crises or extreme violence, all of whom may require international protection and assistance. Since the two world wars, the number of humanitarian migrants has surged dramatically. In 2023, over 117 million people worldwide are forcibly displaced, with 43.4 million refugees, 68.3 million internally displaced people, and nearly 7 million asylum seekers (UNHCR, 2024).
