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Articles by U. Arizona
Games with treats shed light on cognitive decline in dogs
New research offers a new window into cognitive decline in dogs. It is tough to watch a dog deal with issues associated with aging. A senior dog that gets lost at home or starts showing more anxiety may be exhibiting signs of dementia. But by the time these signs show up, the decline may have been underway for years.
Sex chromosomes drive how bodies deal with cancer, heart health, and more
New research shows that X and Y chromosomes drive risk of diseases, including cancer, independent of hormones. The new review published in Science brings together growing evidence that the X and Y chromosomes do much more than determining biological sex. They also shape how cells function, age, and respond to disease. Differences in health between men and women have long been attributed mainly to sex hormones such as estrogen and testosterone.
New simulations shed light on how the Earth got its moon
A new modeling study sheds light on how the Earth got its moon. For its size and location in the solar system, Earth has a surprisingly large moon. But how exactly the blue planet got its companion has vexed researchers for a long time.
Y chromosome loss could be early cancer sign for men
A new study reveals that the loss of the Y chromosome in men’s body tissue could pave the way for cancer to develop in that tissue. According to the research in JCI Insights, the loss of the chromosome, which is common in men as they age, creates a preneoplastic field effect, a hidden zone of genetic vulnerability in normal tissue that provides fertile ground for cancer to develop. Each cell in men’s bodies usually contains one X and one Y chromosome.
3 common sleep habits may be tied to brain aging signs
A new study has found that several common sleep behaviors may be linked to signs of brain aging. The study in the journal Alzheimer’s & Dementia¬†used existing brain scans and questionnaire responses from more than 23,000 middle-aged and older adults from a large biomedical database. The work is part of a broader collaborative project between the University of Arizona psychology department, the Zuckerman College of Public Health, and the University of Southern California.
Depression screening tool works for people with chronic pain
A new study found that a widely used depression screening questionnaire is accurate for people with and without chronic pain, The finding debunks a common misconception that the screening inflates depression scores for people with chronic pain. Some clinicians and researchers believed a person with chronic pain might score higher on the eight-item Patient Health Questionnaire, or PHQ-8, because they can’t sleep or experience fatigue, which are symptoms of both pain and depression.
Antibiotic doesn’t work for wheezing kids in the ER
A newly published study shows no benefit to using an antibiotic in treating wheezing in the emergency room. The study led by researchers at the University of Arizona College of Medicine–Tucson showed that giving the antibiotic azithromycin did not help preschool children seen in the hospital emergency room with bouts of severe wheezing.
How better weather forecasts could save lives
New research finds improved weather forecasts could reduce heat deaths as the climate warms. When extreme weather looms, timely and accurate warnings can give people the chance to adjust their plans, brace for danger, and, in the most severe cases, make decisions that keep them safe. Does that mean improving weather forecasts could save more lives in a warming climate?
Is talking face-to-face quietly fading?
In a society increasingly shaped by self-checkouts, GPS navigation, and touchscreen ordering kiosks, new research shows face-to-face conversation may be quietly fading. A new study published in Perspectives on Psychological Science suggests that people are losing 338 spoken words every year and have been for at least a decade and a half. Matthias Mehl, a psychology professor at the University of Arizona, has spent his career studying how people communicate in everyday life.
Earth may have 2X as many vertebrate species as we thought
For every recognized vertebrate species, there are on average two unrecognized, or “cryptic” species, according to a new study. The findings suggest that global vertebrate biodiversity has been significantly underestimated, which could have consequences for conservation efforts if these hidden species are not properly identified.
Supermassive black holes can slow star growth in nearby galaxies
Intense radiation emitted by active supermassive black holes—thought to reside at the center of most, if not all, galaxies—can slow star growth not just in their host galaxy, but also in galaxies millions of light-years away, according to a study.
Human sperm have hidden 'aging clocks'
Scientists have discovered a hidden RNA “aging clock” in human sperm. Increasing paternal age has been linked to elevated health risks for the next generation, including higher risks of obesity and stillbirth. But what drives this increased risk remains unknown. Most research into this link focuses on how the DNA inside sperm changes with age.
Check out the iconic Easter Island statues in 3D
Researchers have created the first-ever digital 3D model of Easter Island’s main quarry, called Rano Raraku, where the Rapanui people carved the famous moai statues. Nearly 1,000 statues are scattered around the area; each is cataloged in the 3D model with data about their location, size, and how they’re positioned. Terry Hunt has been doing fieldwork on Rapa Nui—the place known to many as Easter Island—since 2000.
Widely used mental health questionnaire may need some fixing
A new paper suggests that a widely used questionnaire for triaging mental health symptoms could be giving providers poor data to inform treatment—and that a fix could be as simple as rewriting some of the questions. Imagine sitting down for an appointment with a therapist—or any care provider. Perhaps it’s the first time you’ve seen this provider, or the first time in a while. You’ll likely need to fill out a form with a set of questions to ensure they know why you’re there or how you’re doing.
Wearable tech detects subtle signs of frailty in older adults
Researchers have developed a comfortable, easy-to-use wearable device that incorporates artificial intelligence to detect subtle warning signs of frailty, signifying a leap forward in elderly care. “The current model of care is lagging behind,” says Philipp Gutruf, associate department head of biomedical engineering at the University of Arizona and senior author on the study.
New species are being discovered faster than ever before
"You have to shoot the animal in the shoulder and wait about five minutes for the animal to get groggy and fall over." a runaway zebra has an unpredicted response to anaesthetic and has to be saved from a tree Any scientist who has spent time on the field has …
New species are being discovered faster than ever before
New species are now being discovered faster than ever before, a new study suggests. About 300 years ago, Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus set out on a bold quest: to identify and name every living organism on Earth. Now celebrated as the father of modern taxonomy, he developed the binomial naming system and described more than 10,000 species of plants and animals. Since his time, scientists have continued to describe new species in the quest to uncover Earth’s biodiversity.
How 'badass' microbes move in after volcanoes erupt
New research digs into how microbes colonize new habitats. Life has a way of bouncing back, even after catastrophic events like forest fires or volcanic eruptions. While nature’s resilience to natural disasters has long been recognized, not much is known about how organisms colonize brand-new habitats for the first time. The new study led by a team of ecologists and planetary scientists from the University of Arizona provides glimpses into a poorly understood process.
Climate change has already taken a toll on Americans' income
New research shows climate change has reduced US income by an estimated 12%. Derek Lemoine, a professor of economics in the Eller College of Management at the University of Arizona and codirector of the university’s Consortium of Environmentally Resilient Business, says measuring climate change’s current economic impact has big-picture implications when it comes to policymaking and business investment.
'Forever chemical' impacts cost billions each year
The negative health impacts from contamination by so-called “forever chemicals” in drinking water costs the contiguous US at least $8 billion a year in social costs, a University of Arizona-led study has found. The study, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, builds on previous research into how PFAS—per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances—can negatively affect health when the chemicals contaminate drinking water.
Discovery sheds new light on early Maya rituals
A team of researchers have discovered large ritual constructions by early Mesoamericans. In the summer of 2020, an international team led by a University of Arizona archaeologist reported the discovery of the largest monumental construction known today in the Maya area in the state of Tabasco, near Mexico’s southeastern border. The monument, found at a site called Aguada Fénix, measures nearly a mile long and a quarter-mile wide, ranges from 30 to 50 feet high and dates to 1,000 BCE.
Study sheds new light on the moon's biggest impact crater
When astronauts land near the moon’s south pole as part of NASA’s Artemis program in a few years, they likely will find themselves in an unexpected treasure trove of clues that could help scientists better understand how Earth’s only natural satellite came to be, according to new research.
Team snaps pic of baby planet growing outside our solar system
A team of astronomers has detected for the first time a growing planet outside our solar system, embedded in a cleared gap of a multi-ringed disk of dust and gas.
Meteor impact may have triggered Grand Canyon landslide
Two world-famous Arizona attractions—the Grand Canyon and Meteor Crater Natural Landmark—may share a hidden connection, according to new research.
What's 'cool' is pretty consistent around the world
New research shows the answer to “what makes someone cool?” is surprisingly consistent across the globe. The research from Caleb Warren, professor in the University of Arizona’s Eller College of Management, explores the psychology of cool and sheds some light on how people across cultures define cool. Warren and his coauthors—Todd Pezzuti with Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez in Chile and Jinjie Chen with the University of Georgia—surveyed more than 5,000 people in 12 countries.
Kids spend a lot of time with grandparents in front of a screen
When Grandma and Grandpa are in charge, the children are likely staring at a screen—a long-standing parental complaint now supported by research. Previous studies have examined how grandparents from other countries oversee children’s screen time, but new research in the Journal of Children and Media found that nearly half of the time American children spend with their grandparents involves interacting with or watching media on a screen.
Saturn's moon could have life, but only a little bit
Saturn’s moon Titan could harbor life, but only a tiny amount, a new study finds. Titan, Saturn’s largest moon, is a strange, alien world. Covered in rivers and lakes of liquid methane, icy boulders, and dunes of soot-like “sand,” its topography has long fascinated scientists and invited speculation on whether lifeforms might lurk beneath the moon’s thick, hazy atmosphere.
North American forests are actually burning less, not more
Contrary to what people might think, North American forests are burning less, not more, according to new data. A study in Nature Communications reveals how this trend may be causing more aggressive fires.
Climate stress has millennials rethinking retirement
Some millennials are rethinking their retirement plans in the face of uncertainty related to climate change, a new study finds. “Millennials are the first generation to reach retirement-savings-age amid the climate crisis,” says lead study author Marissa Hettinger, a graduate student studying human development and family science in the Norton School of Human Ecology in the University of Arizona College of Agriculture, Life, and Environmental Sciences.
Protein discovery could pave way for new Parkinson's drug
A new study found that a tiny protein called PNA5 appears to have a protective effect on brain cells. The work could lead to treatments for the cognitive symptoms of Parkinson’s disease and related disorders. Parkinson’s disease, a neurological disorder best known for causing tremors, stiffness, slow movement, and poor balance, also causes cognitive symptoms that can progress to Parkinson’s dementia.
Protein Discovery Could Pave Way For New Parkinson’s Drug - Futurity
A new study found that a tiny protein called PNA5 appears to have a protective effect on brain cells. The work could lead to treatments for the cognitive symptoms of Parkinson’s disease and related disorders. Parkinson’s disease, a neurological disorder best known for causing tremors, stiffness, slow movement, and poor balance, also causes cognitive symptoms that can progress to Parkinson’s dementia.
Humans can't adapt fast enough for climate change
A new study offers the most detailed glimpse yet into how Earth’s surface temperature has changed over the past 485 million years. Published in the journal Science, the study presents a curve of global mean surface temperature that reveals Earth’s temperature has varied more than previously thought over much of the Phanerozoic Eon, a period of geologic time when life diversified, populated land, and endured multiple mass extinctions.
Humans Can’t Adapt Fast Enough For Climate Change - Futurity
A new study offers the most detailed glimpse yet into how Earth’s surface temperature has changed over the past 485 million years. Published in the journal Science, the study presents a curve of global mean surface temperature that reveals Earth’s temperature has varied more than previously thought over much of the Phanerozoic Eon, a period of geologic time when life diversified, populated land, and endured multiple mass extinctions.
Sensors and AI could help keep car batteries from exploding
New research proposes a way to predict and prevent temperature spikes in the lithium-ion batteries commonly used to electric vehicles. One of the most critical safety concerns for electric vehicles is keeping their batteries cool, as temperature spikes can lead to dangerous consequences.
Sensors and AI could help keep car batteries from exploding
1 hour ago As ever, additional rumors have popped up in the days leading up to the event. Among the more interesting of recent vintage (all Apple Watch-related): The Apple Watch Series 10’s blood pressure monitoring is not coming to the Watch Ultra 2, and there are limited Apple Intelligence features for the …
Sensors And AI Could Help Keep Car Batteries From Exploding - Futurity
New research proposes a way to predict and prevent temperature spikes in the lithium-ion batteries commonly used to electric vehicles. One of the most critical safety concerns for electric vehicles is keeping their batteries cool, as temperature spikes can lead to dangerous consequences.
How widespread is long COVID?
In a new review paper, researchers analyzed dozens of previous studies on long COVID to examine the number and range of people affected, the underlying mechanisms of disease, the many symptoms that patients develop, and current and future treatments. Long COVID, also known as Post-COVID-19 condition, is generally defined as symptoms persisting for three months or more after acute COVID-19.
How Widespread Is Long COVID? - Futurity
In a new review paper, researchers analyzed dozens of previous studies on long COVID to examine the number and range of people affected, the underlying mechanisms of disease, the many symptoms that patients develop, and current and future treatments. Long COVID, also known as Post-COVID-19 condition, is generally defined as symptoms persisting for three months or more after acute COVID-19.
The right fiber may help you lose weight
New research suggests that consuming foods rich in beta-glucan, a type of fiber found in oats and barley, can reduce body weight and obesity. Ozempic—known generically as semaglutide—has taken the weight-loss market by storm, promising to help people shed pounds quickly. Though many use the drug to reduce body weight, it is mostly prescribed for treating type 2 diabetes in adults and carries a high price without insurance coverage.
The Right Fiber May Help You Lose Weight - Futurity
New research suggests that consuming foods rich in beta-glucan, a type of fiber found in oats and barley, can reduce body weight and obesity. Ozempic—known generically as semaglutide—has taken the weight-loss market by storm, promising to help people shed pounds quickly. Though many use the drug to reduce body weight, it is mostly prescribed for treating type 2 diabetes in adults and carries a high price without insurance coverage.
New evidence challenges the story of Easter Island's collapse
A new study challenges the popular idea that Easter Islanders committed “ecocide.” Some 800 years ago, a small band of Polynesians sailed thousands of miles across the Pacific to settle one of the world’s most isolated places—a small, previously uninhabited island they named Rapa Nui. There, they erected hundreds of “moai,” or gigantic stone statues that now famously stand as emblems of a vanished civilization.
New Evidence Challenges The Story Of Easter Island’s Collapse - Futurity
A new study challenges the popular idea that Easter Islanders committed “ecocide.” Some 800 years ago, a small band of Polynesians sailed thousands of miles across the Pacific to settle one of the world’s most isolated places—a small, previously uninhabited island they named Rapa Nui. There, they erected hundreds of “moai,” or gigantic stone statues that now famously stand as emblems of a vanished civilization.
Disrupted sleep increases risk for suicide and homicide
A new study shows that risks for death by suicide and homicide peak at night. The researchers found that nighttime wakefulness, age, alcohol use, and relationship conflicts were especially prevalent as contributing factors. Nearly 19% of suicides and 36% of homicides occur at night. Suicide and homicide share little in common, but their highly concordant overnight risk patterns suggest a common feature: nighttime wakefulness.
Astronomers snap magnetic fields swirling around black hole
A new image from the Event Horizon Telescope collaboration has uncovered strong and organized magnetic fields spiraling from the edge of the supermassive black hole Sagittarius A*, or Sgr A*.
Astronomers Snap Magnetic Fields Swirling Around Black Hole - Futurity
A new image from the Event Horizon Telescope collaboration has uncovered strong and organized magnetic fields spiraling from the edge of the supermassive black hole Sagittarius A*, or Sgr A*.
First Glimpse Of Asteroid Bennu Samples Reveals Carbon, Water - Futurity
Initial studies of the 4.5-billion-year-old asteroid Bennu sample collected in space and recently brought back to Earth show evidence of water and high-carbon content. Together, they could indicate the building blocks of life on Earth may be found in the rock. NASA announced the finding October 11 from its Johnson Space Center in Houston, where scientists showed off the asteroid material for the first time since it landed in the Utah desert on September 24.
Lots of sitting may boost older adults' dementia risk
Adults age 60 and older who spend more time engaging in sedentary behaviors, such as sitting while watching TV or driving, may be at increased risk for developing dementia, according to a new study. The study shows the risk of dementia significantly increases among adults who spend over 10 hours a day engaging in sedentary behaviors like sitting—a notable finding considering the average American is sedentary for about 9.5 hours each day.
Lots of sitting may boost older adults’ dementia risk
Dopamine is a brain chemical famously linked to mood and pleasure − but researchers have found multiple types of dopamine neurons with different functions Dopamine seems to be having a moment in the zeitgeist. You may have read about it in the news, seen viral social media posts about “dopamine hacking” …
Lots Of Sitting May Boost Older Adults’ Dementia Risk - Futurity
Adults age 60 and older who spend more time engaging in sedentary behaviors, such as sitting while watching TV or driving, may be at increased risk for developing dementia, according to a new study. The study shows the risk of dementia significantly increases among adults who spend over 10 hours a day engaging in sedentary behaviors like sitting—a notable finding considering the average American is sedentary for about 9.5 hours each day.
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