2.2. Design of Distributed Control Systems Based on IEC 61131-3/61499 Christensen in [27] suggested and adopted the model–view–control (MVC) design pattern to the domain of industrial automation and integrated it with the IEC 61499 standard architecture. According to the adopted pattern, control software is organized from two components connected in a closed loop: a controller, implementing a set of control operations available as published services, and a model, simulating the plant.
