Abbas Akhavan Sepahi

E. Coli Escherichia coli FTIR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy MIC minimum inhibitory concentration MMP1 matrix metalloproteinase-1 MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide PCL/Cs/CQD-Fe Polycaprolactone/Carbon Quantum Dots-Fe, Chitosan PDGF platelet-derived growth factor S.

1 Introduction Feathers, a byproduct of poultry processing, consist primarily of keratin protein (∼90%). If not managed properly, the accumulation of feathers poses environmental challenges, contributing to pollution and wasting a valuable protein resource. Utilizing feathers as animal feed offers a dual benefit: it is both cost-effective and eco-friendly, reducing waste disposal needs and production expenses (Grazziotin et al. 2006; Adejumo and Adetunji 2018).

Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. References , , and . 2024. “Different Strategies and Bio-Removal Mechanisms of Petroleum Hydrocarbons From Contaminated Sites.” Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research 42, no. 2: 342–358. , , , , , and . 2023. “Optimization of Laccase From Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia E1 by Submerge Fermentation Using Coconut Husk With Its Detoxification and Biodecolorization Ability of Synthetic Dyes.” Bioresources and Bioprocessing 10, no. 1: 80.