Abduljelil Kedir

1 Introduction To transition into a renewable energy system, energy storage is vital to buffer fluctuations in power production (IEA 2020) and power consumption. Wind and solar are dependent on local weather conditions and will not deliver a constant power load as fossil fuels. Because large amounts of surplus electricity from wind and solar cannot be stored in batteries, the energy must be converted into an energy carrier. Hydrogen (H2) has been proposed as an ideal solution (Chapman et al. 2019).