Abdulkadir Barut

Abstract Climate variability and extreme weather events pose an increasingly serious threat to agricultural productivity in Europe. Although many studies have focused on the mean yield response to climate change, relatively few have attempted to offer a comprehensive, multi-dimensional view of agricultural resilience, separating long-term productivity trends from short-term climate-induced fluctuations.

1 Introduction Green growth aims to achieve sustained economic development while expanding renewable energy production and minimising environmental degradation. However, maintaining this balance has become increasingly challenging as global CO2 emissions continue to rise, posing one of the most critical threats to environmental sustainability (IPCC et al. 2022).