A.Mohaimin Shah

In the annals of international relations, few agreements have been able to withstand the test of time and conflict like the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT). The treaty, signed in 1960 between Pakistan and India, managed to endure wars, political upheavals and decades of fragile relations between the two bordering nuclear-armed nations. The IWT has shown its strength by being a beacon of endurance and hope in Indo-Pak relations.

NATO celebrated its 75th anniversary in July, 2024 as the alliance’s member states attended the organisation’s annual summit in Washington. When the Grand Western Alliance was formed in 1949, it consisted of 12 countries, but it gradually expanded and currently consists of 32 member states (mostly belonging to Europe). Earlier, NATO’s Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg wrote an article in a foreign magazine celebrating the alliance’s formation, aim, and purpose.