Andrew Holgate

Data availability statement The data that support the findings of this study are available from Lifeflight Retrieval Medicine. Restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under license for this study. Data is available with the permission of Retrieval Services Queensland and Lifeflight Retrieval Medicine in addition to ethical restrictions.

The Battle of London 1939–45: Endurance, Heroism and Frailty under Fire by Jerry White On Thursday, August 31, 1939, three days before war against Germany was declared, London was gripped by a sudden panic. A mass exodus began as cars laden with luggage headed out of town. Nine of the main routes away from the city were made one-way and sealed to incoming traffic. Almost overnight some 393,000 schoolchildren, plus a further 257,000 mothers and children under five, were ferried from the capital.

William III’s “sunken garden,” lowered so the monarch could appreciate his view of the Thames. England’s Magnificent Gardens: How a Billion-Dollar Industry Transformed a Nation, from Charles II to Today by Roderick Floud In early 1701, visiting the lavish work being done on his new Privy Garden at Hampton Court Palace, William III noticed that he couldn’t see the Thames from his first-floor rooms. He immediately ordered the garden be lowered by 8ft so he could get his view.