Angel Tovar

1 Introduction Language development is characterised by a striking and persistent asymmetry: comprehension consistently outpaces production, a phenomenon known as the comprehension–production gap. This gap appears across multiple linguistic domains—lexical, grammatical, phonological—and is observed universally across different languages and developmental time (e.g., Benedict 1979; Fenson et al. 1994; Gershkoff-Stowe and Hahn 2013; Goldin-Meadow et al. 1976; Hendriks and Koster 2010).