Angelo Barra

1. Introduction Interventional radiology (IR) based on the Collins Dictionary [1] is defined as “an application of radiology that enables minimally invasive surgery to be performed with the aid of simultaneous radiological imaging of the field of operation within the body”. According to the Oxford Dictionary [2], it involves “The performance of therapeutic or diagnostic procedures under the control of an appropriate imaging technique.

1. Introduction 1.1. Background Traditional radiology, which relied on film-based imaging and manual interpretation, was the standard for many decades. The process was often labor-intensive, requiring physical handling of films and a slower pace of analysis. Radiologists would examine these films under specific lighting conditions, with limited ability to quickly share or store images for collaborative analysis.

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