Antavius Cain

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1. Introduction Selenium acts as a double-edged sword: an essential micronutrient for humans that becomes toxic in excess [1]. Selenium is found in both organic (selenomethionine, selenocysteine (Sec)) and inorganic (selenite, selenate) forms, of which the latter is found to be more toxic to humans [2,3]. Sec, the 21st natural amino acid, is biosynthesized on its tRNA to convert inorganic selenium to an organic form, readily used by cells for protein translation [3].