Ariane Barrette

1 Introduction Since 1970, the relative abundance of freshwater vertebrate populations has declined by 85% globally, and currently, about 41% of amphibian species are now considered threatened (Luedtke et al. 2023; WWF 2024). Fish introductions contribute largely to these declines, with impacts that are particularly pronounced in fishless lakes, where they threaten unique biodiversity and ecological functions (Britton et al. 2023; Miró et al. 2020; Schilling et al. 2008).