INTRODUCTION It is now well accepted that preoperative malnutrition and poor functional reserves place patients at risk for negative surgical outcomes.1 Malnourished surgical patients have significantly higher postoperative mortality, morbidity, length of stay (LOS), readmission rates and increased hospital costs.2-4 Furthermore, states of low muscle mass (sarcopenia) and fraility are now recognised as important predictors of morbidity, mortality and new disability postoperatively.5 Indeed,...
