1. Introduction According to the 2021 UN Human Development Report, Sudan ranks 171st amongst the 191 countries in terms of the Human Development Index (HDI) []. This poor performance across the socio-economic development parameters is partly attributed to electricity access levels in the Sudan []. Sudan’s electrification rate in 2022 was 63.2% of the population, in terms of having access to electricity services, with access in urban centers at 84% compared with 49% in rural areas [].
