Ayush Kumar
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Articles by Ayush Kumar
Shoebox: receipts in, spreadsheet out, and your clients’ data never leaves the laptop.
This is a submission for the Hacktoberfest Open-Source AI Challenge Week 2: Side Hustle Every small business has a shoebox. Think of a freelance designer in her second year. Client bills pile up in a drawer, her accountant wants a spreadsheet by the 10th, and typing 40 receipts into Excel eats a Saturday. (She's a composite I imagined, not a real client.) The tools that automate this want you to upload your invoices to someone else's server.
Redefining Corporate Accountability And Insider Trading Liability In India: The Supreme Court's Jurisprudential Shift In Sanofi India And Rajeev Vasant Sheth
An Examination of Corporate Attribution, Possession-Based Insider Trading, Evidentiary Presumptions and the Evolving Enforcement Framework under Indian Securities Law INTRODUCTION The jurisprudence surrounding corporate criminal liability and insider trading in India has undergone considerable doctrinal refinement, particularly in relation to the attribution of knowledge, the evidentiary threshold for establishing regulatory contraventions and the relevance of commercial intention in...
StudyBuddy Local: Your Private AI Study Partner
This is a submission for the Hacktoberfest Weekend Challenge: Build for a Friend. What I Built I built StudyBuddy Local, a private AI study companion for a friend who sometimes struggles with difficult concepts and staying consistent while studying. Instead of depending completely on a cloud AI service, StudyBuddy Local is designed to run an open-weight AI model locally.
CSS :has() Is the Parent Selector We Waited 20 Years For
For years, the answer to "can CSS select a parent based on its children?" was a sad "no, use JavaScript." Not anymore. :has() is supported in all modern browsers, and it changes how you write CSS. Here are three tricks you can use today. 1. Style a card differently if it contains an image .card { display: grid; gap: 1rem; } .card:has(img) { grid-template-columns: 200px 1fr; } No extra classes like .card--with-image. The CSS looks at the content and adapts. 2.
ai agent python code example for FastAPI and OpenAI SDK
I’ve been running AI agents in production for over a year now. Most tutorials skip the hard parts - state, rate limits, and what happens when your agent calls a tool that times out. Here’s how I build them with FastAPI and the OpenAI SDK, the way I’d want it documented when I’m paged at 2 a.m. What is a basic ai agent python code example with FastAPI and OpenAI SDK? Start with a minimal FastAPI app that accepts a prompt, calls OpenAI, and returns a response. No tools, no state - just the core loop.
Hybrid Search RAG Over Internal Docs: Production Guide
Hybrid search RAG over internal docs combines vector and keyword search to improve retrieval accuracy. I’ve used this in production for internal knowledge bases and support ticket systems, and it cuts down on missed relevant chunks by 30-40% compared to pure vector or keyword alone. What is hybrid search in RAG? Hybrid search in RAG means running both dense vector retrieval (like embeddings) and sparse keyword search (like BM25) in parallel, then fusing the results.
Not Another LLM: I Tried Laya, a 421M-Parameter AI Decision Engine
I spend a lot of time trying different AI models, especially models that can run locally. Usually, the process is pretty familiar: download the model, give it a prompt, and wait for it to generate something. Laya caught my attention because it doesn't work that way. It isn't built to write an answer, generate code, or have a conversation. Instead, you give it some text or a piece of information and ask it specific questions. It then returns a decision and a probability for that decision.
How Picnic configured multiple OAuth providers for Amazon MQ
This post is co-written with Oscar Mapfumo Sibanda from Picnic. Picnic is an Amsterdam-based tech scale-up that reinvents how people buy food. It isn’t a supermarket with a digital layer but a tech company that happens to deliver groceries. Picnic is engineered in-house: the customer app, the fulfillment platform, the supply chain, and the routing technology that guides a fleet of thousands of electric vehicles through the Netherlands, Germany, and France. Software doesn’t merely support business.
Free AI App Builder with Backend: FastAPI Microservice Guide
If you need a free AI app builder with backend to get a FastAPI microservice running today, you can do it with a handful of platforms that bundle hosting, a database, and auth for zero cost. The catch is that the free tiers have hard limits, and they expose the same failure modes you’ll hit in production if you’re not careful.
Pervasive noise in human pre-mRNA splice site selection
Results Splice site selection is thought to occur mostly co-transcriptionally, soon after sites become available on pre-mRNA transcripts.9 To identify cryptic events independent of transcript localization or stability effects, we selectively enriched for newly transcribed RNA. Specifically, we isolated nascent RNA from the nucleus after rapid metabolic labeling with 4-thio-uridine (4sU) for 8 minutes.
Building an ai agent python langchain with FastAPI
What is a LangChain agent and how does its architecture work? A LangChain agent is a wrapper around a language model that lets you define a loop of thought → action → observation. In practice the agent receives a user prompt, asks the model to decide what to do next, executes the chosen tool (like a web search or a database query), feeds the result back to the model, and repeats until it produces a final answer. The core pieces are: Piece Role LLM Generates the next step in natural language.
How I Crashed My TCS Prime Interview and Talked My Way Out of Hell Mode
Picture this, sitting in front of a panel of seasoned pros for a TCS Prime interview, your palms sweating, your brain rewinding every tutorial you ever watched, bracing yourself to get barbecued on Data Structures and Algorithms. My interview lasted a solid 45 to 50 minutes. Did I sweat a little? Did I survive? Oh, I more than survived. I turned a full-on boss battle into a chill chat with an uncle figure. Here is the slightly chaotic, totally unscripted story of how it went down. 1.
Comparing AI Agents Python Library Options for Production
If you need a Python library to build an AI agent that can run in production, start with LangChain for flexibility, CrewAI for team-style orchestration, or LlamaIndex if your focus is on data-centric retrieval. All three install with a single pip command, but they differ in abstraction level, runtime cost, and how easy they are to test inside a FastAPI service. What are the top Python libraries for building AI agents? The three most battle-tested options today are LangChain, CrewAI, and LlamaIndex.
AI agent python ollama: Build, Test, Deploy with FastAPI
I’ll show you how to get an ai agent python ollama up and running on your laptop, expose it through FastAPI, test it automatically, and push it to production. You can have a working endpoint in under an hour if you follow the steps carefully. How do I install and configure Ollama for local LLM inference? The first thing you need is a running Ollama server. It ships as a single binary for Linux, macOS, and Windows, so there are no heavyweight dependencies.
FastAPI WebSockets: Production-Ready Setup and Scaling
FastAPI websockets let you push data to a client the moment it changes, without the overhead of polling. In a few lines you can expose a bidirectional channel, authenticate the user, and broadcast updates to every subscriber. Below I walk through a production-grade implementation: a simple endpoint, connection lifecycle, auth, a manager for broadcasting, and finally scaling with Uvicorn workers and Redis pub/sub. How do I set up a basic WebSocket endpoint in FastAPI?
Building a Robust RAG Pipeline Architecture for Production
Answer up front: A RAG pipeline architecture is a set of connected services that ingest raw documents, turn them into embeddings, store them in a vector database, retrieve the most relevant chunks, and finally feed those chunks to a language model for generation. In practice you need a modular design, solid chunking, a fast vector store with hybrid search, and observability that lets you spot bottlenecks before they break your service.
Mastering FastAPI Background Tasks: Real‑World Patterns, Testing, and When to Reach for Celery
Introduction If you’ve built a FastAPI endpoint that needs to send a confirmation email, generate a PDF, or kick off a long‑running data import, you probably reached for the fastapi background task feature. The BackgroundTasks class lets you offload work that doesn’t have to block the HTTP response, keeping your API snappy without pulling in a full‑blown task queue.
Automating Production: A CI/CD Pipeline for Google Cloud Run with GitHub Actions
In the last guide, we deployed our FastAPI app to Google Cloud Run manually. It worked, but "manual" is a dirty word in modern engineering. If you have to type docker build and gcloud run deploy every time you fix a typo, you are wasting time. Worse, you risk deploying broken code. Today, we will build a robust CI/CD Pipeline using GitHub Actions. By the end of this guide, your deployment strategy will be: git push Done. We aren't just running a script.
Computer Science > Software Engineering
arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs.
Building a Voice-Controlled AI Agent That Runs Entirely on Your Laptop
As part of an internship assignment, I built a voice-controlled AI agent that takes audio input, understands what you're asking, and actually does it creates files, writes code, summarizes text, or just chats. Everything runs locally. No external APIs, no data leaving your machine. This post covers the architecture, the models I picked, and the problems I ran into along the way.
Uses of C and C++ in Modern Technology
Introduction C and C++ are among the most powerful and widely used programming languages in the world. They are known for their speed, efficiency, and control over system resources. These languages form the foundation of many modern technologies and are still highly relevant today. ๐ก What is C and C++? C is a procedural programming language used for system-level programming. C++ is an extension of C that includes object-oriented programming features like classes and objects.
कुछ शब्द उनके भी
बेहतर अनुभव के लिए एप का उपयोग करें {"_id":"69be9ce12458acfd9400c0f8","slug":"ayush-kumar-kuch-shabd-unke-bhi-2026-03-21","type":"story","status":"publish","title_hn":"\u0915\u0941\u091b \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940","category":{"title":"Mere Alfaz","title_hn":"\u092e\u0947\u0930\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092b\u093e\u091c\u093c","slug":"mere-alfaz"}} के जिस्म तो मिल जाते है पर ये दिल मिला नहीं करते, कमबख्त हम दिल तो रखते है पर कभी गिला नहीं करते.....! - हम...
Kavach: Building a Real-Time Parametric Insurance System for the Gig Economy
Why We Built This Gig workers operate in one of the most unpredictable environments. A delivery rider facing a 48°C heatwave or sudden flooding doesn’t just have a “bad day”—they lose their entire day’s income.
Improving order history search using semantic search with Amazon OpenSearch Service | Amazon Web Services
If you’ve ever shopped on Amazon, you’ve used Your Orders. This feature maintains your complete order history dating back to 1995, so you can track and manage every purchase you’ve made. The order history search feature lets you find your past purchases by entering keywords in the search bar. Beyond just finding items, it provides a straightforward way to repurchase the same or similar items, saving you time and effort.
Supreme Court to examine validity of unilateral ‘Khula’; appoints amicus in challenge to Kerala High Court ruling
THE SUPREME COURT recently agreed to examine the constitutional validity of unilateral Khula and whether a Muslim woman possesses an absolute right to terminate her marriage without the consent of her husband. The issue arises from an appeal challenging a Kerala High Court judgment that upheld the unilateral nature of Khula as a right “akin to talaq”.
[2602.14970] Counterfactual Fairness Evaluation of LLM-Based Contact Center Agent Quality Assurance System
arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs.
“Somebody’s home is somebody’s workspace”: Unions and Activists condemn CJI Surya Kant’s remarks on domestic workers’ rights
CERTAIN COMMENTS from a Supreme Court bench led by Chief Justice of India (‘CJI’) Surya Kant, made on January 29, 2026, has faced widespread condemnation by trade unions and activists. The bench dismissed a Public Interest Litigation filed by ten domestic workers’ unions seeking statutory recognition of minimum wages for domestic workers. The bench disposed of the writ petition holding that fixing minimum wages for domestic labour fell within the policy domain of the executive and legislatures.
Supreme Court’s suo motu intervention in the Aravallis case explained
SINCE A CONTROVERSIAL order passed in November 2025, by a bench led by former Chief Justice of India (‘CJI’) B.R. Gavai, the Supreme Court in the last two months has attempted to shift gears in a case with high stakes concerning the ecological future of the Aravalli hills in North Western India.
Man Aur Ram - Amar Ujala Kavya - मन और राम
बेहतर अनुभव के लिए एप का उपयोग करें {"_id":"697659c26b1fd448c00da384","slug":"ayush-kumar-man-aur-ram-2026-01-25","type":"story","status":"publish","title_hn":"\u092e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u092e","category":{"title":"Mere Alfaz","title_hn":"\u092e\u0947\u0930\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092b\u093e\u091c\u093c","slug":"mere-alfaz"}} भूल गया तू, नाता क्या है? मन! इतना घबराता क्या है? सिद्ध अस्त्र तू मेरा मुझसे, दूर दूर यूं जाता क्या है? डर कैसा?
Shiv Aur Shav - Amar Ujala Kavya - शिव और शव
बेहतर अनुभव के लिए एप का उपयोग करें {"_id":"69765e0e02448c630e0ee353","slug":"ayush-kumar-shiv-aur-shav-2026-01-25","type":"story","status":"publish","title_hn":"\u0936\u093f\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0935","category":{"title":"Mere Alfaz","title_hn":"\u092e\u0947\u0930\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092b\u093e\u091c\u093c","slug":"mere-alfaz"}} युद्ध है ये, युद्ध में यूं, रक्त तो बहेगा ही, शव को शिव बनाने में, वक्त तो लगेगा ही, भक्ति है ये, मोह नहीं, जिसमें कुछ विनिमय हो, वेदना हो जितनी चाहे,...
Vriksh Bane Rehna - Amar Ujala Kavya - वृक्ष बने रहना
बेहतर अनुभव के लिए एप का उपयोग करें {"_id":"69765d76c4eef4e042027a17","slug":"ayush-kumar-vriksh-bane-rehna-2026-01-25","type":"story","status":"publish","title_hn":"\u0935\u0943\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092c\u0928\u0947 \u0930\u0939\u0928\u093e","category":{"title":"Mere Alfaz","title_hn":"\u092e\u0947\u0930\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092b\u093e\u091c\u093c","slug":"mere-alfaz"}} जड़ें इतनी गहरी व सूक्ष्म के, मिट्टी से भी जल खींच ले, गुरुत्व इतना न्यून के, समुद्र में भी डुबोने की ताकत न हो,...
Swatvadhikar - Amar Ujala Kavya - स्वत्वाधिकार
बेहतर अनुभव के लिए एप का उपयोग करें {"_id":"69765dd0824854a0490e06ee","slug":"ayush-kumar-swatvadhikar-2026-01-25","type":"story","status":"publish","title_hn":"\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930","category":{"title":"Mere Alfaz","title_hn":"\u092e\u0947\u0930\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092b\u093e\u091c\u093c","slug":"mere-alfaz"}} इश्क़-ए-कलम का कैसा है खुमार सोचिए, घर-बार जल रहा है, मै नज़्म लिख रहा हूं ! कुछ बीते हुए किस्से, कुछ चुप्पियां चुभन सी, कुछ...
The MCP Server Stack: 10 Open Source Essentials for 2026
Software systems are changing fast.
[2510.25947] Revisiting Multilingual Data Mixtures in Language Model Pretraining
arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs.
Resistance to radiation enhances metastasis by altering RNA metabolism
Abstract The cellular programs that mediate therapy resistance are often important drivers of metastasis, a phenomenon that needs to be understood better to improve screening and treatment options for patients with cancer. Although this issue has been studied extensively for chemotherapy, less is known about a causal link between resistance to radiation therapy and metastasis.
Why Cloudflare, Netlify, and Webflow are collaborating to support Open Source tools like Astro and TanStack
Open source is the core fabric of the web, and the open source tools that power the modern web depend on the stability and support of the community. To ensure two major open source projects have the resources they need, we are proud to announce our financial sponsorship to two cornerstone frameworks in the modern web ecosystem: Astro and TanStack.
Practical Challenges and Solutions in Federated Learning for Industry
Narrative architecture description In production, think of a federated pipeline as coordinated layers with clear responsibilities. Client layer, the SDK on devices or partner nodes, handles local training, model versioning, compression, and local clipping or noising if DP is applied on-device. The SDK must be lightweight, versioned, and support rollout and remote configuration.
How to Install & Run Microsoft Kosmos-2.5 Locally?
Kosmos-2.5 is Microsoft’s multimodal “literate” model for reading text-heavy images (receipts, invoices, forms, docs). It does two things out of the box using task prompts: (a) OCR with spatially-aware text blocks (text + bounding boxes) via , and (b) image→Markdown conversion via . It’s implemented in Transformers (supported from v4.56+) with ready-to-run Python snippets, and the paper details the shared decoder-only architecture and doc-understanding focus.
Cracking the Opus: Red Teaming Anthropic’s Giant with Promptfoo
In a year full of flashy AI launches and vaporware promises, Claude Opus 4.1 is the opposite: quietly shipped by Anthropic on August 5, 2025, and actually better in ways that matter. It’s not trying to reinvent the wheel or claim AGI—it’s a solid, stability-focused release that improves real-world usability, safety, and enterprise readiness. With 200K context, 64K extended reasoning capacity, and benchmarks like 74.5% SWE-bench Verified, Opus 4.1 takes a noticeable leap over its predecessor.
DeepSeek V3.1 Meets Promptfoo: Jailbreaks, Biases & Beyond
As LLMs grow in scale and complexity, red teaming becomes a critical safeguard. It’s not enough to evaluate accuracy and speed—real-world deployment hinges on a model’s resilience against adversarial misuse, policy circumvention, and harmful outputs. DeepSeek V3.1 pushes the frontier with its hybrid reasoning mode, smarter tool calls, and extended 128K context. These advancements make it a powerful assistant for long-form reasoning and code-agent tasks—but they also expand the attack surface.
What If There Was a GitHub + Udemy + Fiverr Combined?
Would You Use a Platform to Buy, Learn, and Sell Projects? Most of us developers learned coding the hard way: tutorials, docs, StackOverflow, and endless trial and error. But here’s a thought I can’t shake: 👉 What if there was a platform where you could… Buy real projects to learn from, Get mentorship while you work on them, And later sell your own projects once you’ve built the skills? Almost like combining GitHub (for projects) + Udemy (for learning) + Fiverr (for selling).
Automating threat analysis and response with Cloudy
Security professionals everywhere face a paradox: while more data provides the visibility needed to catch threats, it also makes it harder for humans to process it all and find what's important. When there’s a sudden spike in suspicious traffic, every second counts. But for many security teams — especially lean ones — it’s hard to quickly figure out what’s going on. Finding a root cause means diving into dashboards, filtering logs, and cross-referencing threat feeds.
Want to Learn Machine Learning? Read This First!
Your journey into Machine Learning begins with understanding the basics Are you planning to begin your Machine Learning (ML) journey but feeling overwhelmed? You're not alone. ML is a huge and ever-expanding field, and it's easy to feel lost before you even start. In my previous article, What is Machine Learning Really?I explained ML intuitively as if you were teaching a child.
Final Year. Zero Coding. No Projects. Am I Too Late?
I’m in my final year of college right now — and honestly, I feel completely lost. Somehow I’ve managed to come this far without really learning programming properly. I’ve never built a real-world project, never contributed to anything meaningful, and placements are already around the corner. It feels like I wasted three years, and now the fear is hitting me hard: Can I still learn programming at this stage and get job-ready?
How to Install & Run Gemma-3-270m, GGUF & Instruct Locally?
google/gemma-3-270m (Pre-trained) A lightweight, open vision-language model from Google DeepMind, designed for both text and image inputs. With a 32K context window, it’s suitable for general-purpose text generation, summarization, reasoning, and image analysis.
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