Baoying Zhang

1 Introduction Trained immunity has been defined as the long-term functional reprogramming of macrophages, induced by Candida albicans, β-glucan, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), or other endogenous/exogenous insults, macrophages then revert to a quiescent state but display modified inflammatory responses upon subsequent challenges.[1, 2] This evolutionary adaptation is thought to enhance resistance to reinfection; however, it may also be detrimental and contribute to pathologies of...

Nitrogen-modified reduced graphene oxide for serum enrichment of N-glycans and MALDI-TOF MS-based identification of HCC biomarkers† Protein N-glycosylation, as one of the most crucial post-translational modifications, plays a significant role in various biological processes. The structural alterations of N-glycans are closely associated with the onset and progression of numerous diseases.

A Comparison of Size Exclusion Chromatography Based Tandem Strategies for Plasma Exosome Enrichment and Proteomic Analysis Proteomic analysis of exosomes from human plasma faces a tremendous challenge mainly due to the low abundant of the exosome itself and the complexity of the plasma matrix. Therefore, enrichment of exosomes from human plasma is an essential and indispensable step for large scale and in depth proteomic analysis.