Barbara Botto

Abstract The use of chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cells have revolutionized the therapeutic paradigm of patients with lymphoid malignancies. However, infectious complications represent a frequent CAR-T cell-related adverse event, potentially being a major hurdle for the successful outcome of the patients. The infection incidence follows a biphasic pattern, with “early” infections rising during the first 30 days after CAR-T cells infusion, and “late” infections from day 30 onward.

1. Introduction At least a third of patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) still require second- or further-line treatment despite recent advances in frontline therapy or the standard salvage approaches [1,2,3,4,5]. CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies are actually changing the outcome of R/R patients with diffuse large B-cell (DLBCL), mantle cell (MCL), and follicular (FL) lymphoma.

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