Barbara La Ferla

1. Introduction Sodium–glucose co-transporter 1 (SGLT1) is a key transport protein responsible for the absorption of glucose and galactose in the mammalian intestine [1,2,3,4]. It acts by unidirectionally translocating two sodium ions along with one molecule of glucose or galactose across the apical membrane of intestinal epithelial cells, which constitute the brush border membrane of the small intestine.

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1. Introduction Sodium–glucose co-transporter 1 (SGLT1) is a high-affinity/low-capacity glucose and galactose transporter, mainly expressed on the apical membrane of intestinal epithelium cells and of cells of the S3 segment of the proximal tubule of kidneys [1,2,3,4]. SGLT1 is responsible for the unidirectional glucose and galactose absorption across the brush border membrane in the intestine [2,3,5], for sugar reuptake in kidneys, and for glucose uptake across the blood–brain barrier (BBB) [3].