Baruch Keren

1 Introduction The proliferation of free walking tours is a major trend in the tourism industry, characterized by a shift towards accessibility, community engagement, and experiential learning. The use of this model has expanded worldwide, driven by technological advances and a growing demand for authentic, localized travel experiences.

1. Introduction Risk management is vital in achieving a project’s objectives, particularly given the complex nature of projects, which usually involve numerous risks relevant to the various stakeholders (Wu & Zhou, 2019). Project risk management is usually carried out according to project management standards, some listed in Barghi and Sikari (2020).

This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon. Open AccessArticle by *, and Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, SCE—Shamoon College of Engineering, Beer-Shvea 8410802, Israel * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.