Basani Lammy Nkuna

Abstract Maize (Zea Mays) is one of the world’s most important staple crops, providing food for humans and feed for livestock. However, its production is threatened by a range of stresses, including crop diseases, which significantly reduce yields, particularly in smallholder farming systems. Traditional disease detection methods, such as visual inspection, are often labour-intensive, subjective, and prone to error, leading to delayed interventions and widespread crop losses.

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