Basant Lal Sharma

1 Introduction There are 202 species of bats in the family Pteropodidae distributed in Africa, South and Southeast Asia, and Australia (Mickleburgh et al. 1992; Simmons and Cirranello 2024). Generally, species of the genera Pteropus, Desmalopex, and Acerodon are referred to as “flying foxes” while remaining classified as fruit bats (IUCN 2023).

Abstract For a triangular lattice of particles, with nearest neighbour interactions and a traction free boundary, there exists a surface wave band for out-of-plane motion. Interactions between such a surface wave and stationary crack tip in mode III are investigated. The discrete Helmholtz equation for scattered waves, that incorporates an anisotropy parameter for unequal spring constants in horizontal versus slant directions, is solved exactly.

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