Bitan Pratihar

Conflict of Interests The authors declare no conflict of interest. Supporting Information Filename Description cctc70379-sup-0001-SuppMat.pdf954.4 KB Supporting Information References 1, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , et al., Innov. 2021, 2, 100180. 2, , , Nat. Mater. 2017, 16, 16–22. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4834. 3, , , Curr. Opin. Green Sustain. Chem. 2021, 27, 100398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsc.2020.100398. 4, , , , , , , , , , Adv. Mater. 2024, 36, 2306108.

Conflict of Interests The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Supporting Information Filename Description cctc70010-sup-0001-SuppMat.pdf1.3 MB Supporting Information References 1, , Nature 2012, 488, 294–303. 2, , , , , , , , , , , , , Energy Environ. Sci. 2023, 16, 4926–4943. 3, , , Curr. Opin. Green Sustain. Chem. 2021, 27, 100398. 4, , , , , , , , , , Adv. Mater. 2024, 36, 2306108. 5, , , , , , , , Adv. Funct. Mater. 2022, 32, 2110036. 6, , , , Angew. Chemie – Int. Ed. 2021, 60, 19550–19571.

1 Introduction New approaches to treat chronic diseases have emerged in recent years as a result of advances in synthetic biology,[1] regenerative medicine,[2, 3] and T-cell engineering.[4] Programmable open-loop[5] or closed-loop[6] gene circuits enable on-demand, reversible secretion of therapeutics using a chemical[7, 8] or physical inducer.[6] However, the practical application of live cell implants is still limited by a number of issues, including the need to ensure that implanted...