Bjarki Ditlev Djurhuus

1 Introduction Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) is a serine protease inhibitor and an acute phase reactant, which inhibits neutrophil elastase and other proteases thereby protecting mainly elastic tissues of the body [1, 2]. The coding gene, SERPINA1, is localized on chromosome 14, and the Z and S variants of the gene cause about 95% of the cases with severe alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) (ZZ and SZ genotypes).

Abstract Background Ménière’s disease is a chronic inner ear disorder characterized by recurrent vertigo, tinnitus, aural fullness, and fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss. For patients with debilitating symptoms unresponsive to conservative treatment, intratympanic gentamicin is a therapeutic option. However, its efficacy and safety remain uncertain.