Boudkhil Affane

1. Introduction Due to the escalating global demand for energy resources and the dwindling conventional oil reserves, the production of heavy oil is expected to increase worldwide. Heavy oil constitutes no less than 25% of the world’s total oil reserves, representing a substantial portion of all known hydrocarbon resources. Particularly in regions like the Middle East, significant deposits are often associated with abundant reserves of light oil.

Open AccessArticle by Temurali Kholmurodov 1,2,*, Oybek Mirzaev 1, Boudkhil Affane 1, Arash Tajik 1, Ksenia Romanova 3, Yuriy Galyametdinov 3, Aleksey Dengaev 4 and Alexey Vakhin 1 1 Institute of Geology and Petroleum Technologies, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia 2 Department of Chemistry, Samarkand State University, Samarkand 140104, Uzbekistan 3 Department of Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Kazan National Research Technological University, 420015 Kazan, Russia 4 Department of...