Camila Dantas Malossi

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1. Introduction Leptospirosis is a cosmopolitan anthropozoonosis caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira [] which remains neglected and underreported even though it impacts the economy and public health. The agent is grouped into 30 serogroups and more than 300 serovars [,], each one with a preference for a particular host [], and it is adapted to infect one or more animal species []. This sets up multiple transmission cycles, both in wild and anthropic environments [].

1. Introduction Leptospirosis is widespread globally and is among the diseases that impair livestock production rates. It raises public health concerns because of its zoonotic impact and that, even after more than a century of research, the vaccines available do not confer lasting immunity or cross-protection between serovars [1].