Carol Ann Flavell

INTRODUCTION The mortality rate amongst people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is declining in resource-rich nations, resulting in increased life expectancy [1], due in part to greater access and adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) [2]. Although a manageable chronic disease [1], people with HIV remain disproportionately affected by physical and psychological health challenges when compared with people not living with HIV [3].

1 Introduction Motor control in the context of low back pain (LBP) is defined as the consideration of how an individual's posture, movement and muscle activation influences the loading of lumbopelvic structures (Hodges et al. 2013). Although not all patients with persistent LBP (PLBP) present with motor control changes, there is substantial evidence that changes in muscle activation can be present in people with PLBP (Van Dieen et al. 2019a).