Chanasei Ziemann

1 Introduction The evolution of jaws marked a transformative innovation in early vertebrates, fundamentally altering their interaction with the environment. This transition from filter feeding to active predation not only enabled access to new food resources but also introduced novel immunological challenges: powerful jaws increased risks of physical injury while consuming larger prey exposed early jawed vertebrates to more diverse pathogen communities.

1 INTRODUCTION Interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) is a transcription factor that plays a key role in the regulation of inflammatory and immune responses.

Abstract The emergence of jaws in early vertebrates introduced a novel feeding apparatus and potent oral defenses but also increased the risk of physical injury and pathogen exposure. Innate immunity and inflammation constitute the body's first line of defense against invading microbes and tissue damage, aiming to eliminate threats and restore internal homeostasis.