Changdao Enhancement

A total of 200 S. broughtonii individuals with an average shell length of 80.74 ± 5.08 mm at different stages of gonadal development were collected from Yantai in Shandong Province. Before sampling, all ark shells were cultured in tanks containing fully aerated filtered seawater at salinity of 30 ± 1, temperature of 18 ± 1 °C, pH of 7.75 ± 0.25 and dissolved oxygen of 7.56 ± 0.23 mg/L for one week.

Introduction The diversity of mollusk shell colors has attracted increased attention in recent decades (Comfort, 1951; Pietak, 1998; Kocot et al., 2016; Huang et al., 2021). Colorful shells have an esthetic value that has attracted the attention and appreciation of many scientists (Canales-Gómez et al., 2010; Cai et al., 2011; Zhu et al., 2021).