Chenyao Huang

1 Introduction In recent years, the demand for self-powered sensors has grown significantly, driven by the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT), wearable electronics, smart cities, and various industrial applications.[1, 2] Conventional sensors often rely on external power sources, such as batteries, which pose several challenges, including limited lifespan, frequent maintenance, and environmental concerns.[3, 4] For example, in remote environmental monitoring systems, such as...

1. Introduction The decision regarding the capital structure of a company represents a significant aspect of the financial decision-making process. An investigation into the factors affecting a firm’s capital structure enables the identification of the determinants of capital structure decisions and the formulation of strategies for optimizing capital structure and enhancing the firm’s value.