Chompunuch Boonarkart

Of the 360 participants enrolled in the study, 82.2% were female, with median age of 32.5 years. Approximately 32% were physicians, 31% were nurses, 21% were nursing assistants, and 15% were other healthcare professionals. The frontline HCW group had a lower proportion of male, were younger, and had a greater number of nurses than physicians. Approximately a half of frontline HCWs worked in the Department of Medicine, mainly in inpatient wards (IPD) (Table 1).

1 Introduction Effective antiviral is unlikely to be available for newly emerging viruses at least at the beginning of the epidemics unless the new viruses fall within the same group of and share similar antiviral sensitivity with already circulating viruses with existing antivirals. Predevelopment of antivirals in anticipation for new viruses may be complicated by the narrow spectrum of most specific antivirals. A broad-spectrum antiviral is more likely to be effective against a new virus.

Schlafen (SLFN) proteins are a subset of interferon-stimulated early response genes with antiviral properties. An antiviral mechanism of SLFN11 was previously demonstrated in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected cells, and it was shown that SLFN11 inhibited HIV-1 virus production in a codon usage-specific manner. The codon usage patterns of many viruses are vastly different from those of their hosts.