Christian Sampson

Abstract The fluid permeability of sea ice governs a broad range of physical and biological processes in the polar marine environment, such as melt pond evolution, snow-ice formation, and nutrient replenishment for sea ice algae. Columnar sea ice is effectively impermeable to bulk flow for brine volume fractions below about 5%, while above this threshold fluid can flow vertically through the ice. Granular sea ice has different crystallographic and brine microstructures.

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