Christopher Marshall

Abstract Torpor is a state of transient hypometabolism and hypothermia that is engaged by many species in adverse conditions such as food scarcity. Chemo- or optoactivation of neurons in the hypothalamic preoptic area (POA) drives torpor-like hypometabolism and hypothermia. Estrogens, principally estradiol, modulate thermogenesis and energy balance by central actions, and POA neurons express the canonical estrogen receptor ERα.

Table 1 Table providing detailed performance characteristics of fellow, experienced endoscopist, and AI for the classification of biliary strictures (with and without biliary stenting) based on visual impression alone. AI = artificial intelligence, LR = likelihood ratio, PPV = positive predictive value, NPV = negative predictive value; CI = confidence interval.

The Senate again passed a bill on Thursday that would establish the Legislature’s ultimate authority over the state’s educational rules, mandating that newly created rules be submitted for legislative review, approval, amendment or rejection. House Bill 2755 would require the state board of education to submit newly promulgated rules to the Legislature through the Legislative Rule-Making Review Committee.