Claire Currie

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The Sierras Pampeanas (27°–33°S) in South America are characterized by basementcored uplifts and shortening that occurs >500 km from the nearest convergent margin. The deformation correlates spatially and temporally with an area of flat-slab subduction of the Nazca plate in the last 10 m.y. We use two-dimensional thermal-mechanical models to study the dynamics of Pampean flat-slab subduction and the origin of the Sierras Pampeanas. Models examine a geological time from ca.

Abstract Continental rifts are important sources of mantle carbon dioxide (CO2) emission into Earth’s atmosphere1,2,3. Because deep carbon is stored for long periods in the lithospheric mantle4,5,6, rift CO2 flux depends on lithospheric processes that control melt and volatile transport1,3,7. The influence of compositional and thickness differences between Archaean and Proterozoic lithosphere on deep-carbon fluxes remains untested.