Congying Han

In multi-site tourist areas, tourist movements show trip-chain characteristics and dynamic travel demands, which can be satisfied by customized buses and ride-hailing. Existing studies mostly optimize these two travel modes separately. This paper establishes a bi-level model for the joint optimization of customized bus and ride-hailing services, aiming to maximize operators’ total profit and minimize passengers’ generalized travel cost.

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Open AccessArticle by Meng Duan 1,2,3, Congying Han 1,2, Xiaotao Zhang 1,4, Zheng Wei 1,4, Zhiguo Wang 3 and Baozhong Zhang 1,4,* 1 State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China 2 National Center of Efficient Irrigation Engineering and Technology Research, Beijing 100048, China 3 Water Resources Research Institute of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010051, China 4 Key...