Liu holds a utility model (“UM”) patent M508941 for an umbrella featuring a foldable shell; the patent was granted on September 21, 2015. From September 22, 2015 to December of the same year, Liu sent warning letters to several Taiwanese online marketplaces, including GOMAJI, Buy123, 17Life and Poya, alleging that umbrella products provided by Splendors Biotech Co., LTD. were infringing on UM M’941. In order to avoid legal disputes, some marketplaces removed Splendors’ umbrella products.