Cuiying Li

Carbolines represent a class of privileged heterocyclic scaffolds that widely exist in natural products, pharmaceutical agents, agrochemicals, and functional materials. Despite their importance, the development of facile and efficient methods for synthesizing carboline derivatives remains a pivotal challenge in modern organic synthesis and heterocyclic chemistry. Domino annulation has evolved as a powerful strategy enabling convenient assembly of diverse heterocyclic molecules.

1 Introduction Carbolines are a very important class of polycyclic indole derivatives widely exist in natural products,[1, 2–3] synthetic medicines,[4-7–8] agrochemicals,[9,10] and functional materials[11-13–14] (Figure 1).