CUNY Baruch College

Abstract Social parasitism, where one social species parasitically depends on the other for survival and reproduction, is a highly successful life history strategy, especially in the eusocial Hymenoptera. In ants alone, more 400 species of socially parasitic species exist and multiple forms of social parasitism evolved independently and convergently. Yet disentangling the evolutionary history of obligate social parasitism is challenging.

Commencement Exercises 2022 Published on May 17, 2022

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