D. Chakrabarty

Anisotropy endows topological aspects in optical systems and furnishes a platform to explore non-Hermitian physics, which can be harnessed for the polarization-selective amplification of light. Here, we show a zero-threshold Raman laser can be achieved in an anisotropic optical microcavity via polarization-controlled optical pumping.

1 Introduction The energy and mass transfer from the solar wind to the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere (MI) system depends on solar wind parameters and the state of the magnetosphere and ionosphere. A great many theories have been proposed to quantify these interactions (Borovsky, 2013; Gonzalez et al., 1994; Newell et al., 2007) most of which are based on the classical Dungey paradigm (Dungey, 1961).

A total of 43 CIR-induced geomagnetic storms during the unusually deep solar minimum of solar cycle 23 (2006-2010) were identified using a superposed epoch analysis technique. Of these 43 events, a detailed cross spectrum analyses, between the variations in the Z-component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF Bz) and the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) strength, were performed for 22 events when the daytime EEJ strengths from Jicamarca were available.