Dakeun Lee

Abstract The retinoblastoma (RB1) gene is a critical tumor suppressor that regulates cell cycle progression and genomic stability. Although RB1 alterations have been reported in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the biological and clinical consequences of biallelic RB1 inactivation (RB1-Bi) remain poorly defined.

Abstract Gastrointestinal cancer is one of the most burdensome health threats worldwide, accounting for approximately one-quarter of all cancer incidences. Gastric and colorectal cancers are among the most prevalent and lethal malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract globally. Despite steadily rising incidence, the complex cellular landscape comprising the tumor microenvironment and accelerating tumorigenesis remains insufficiently explored.

Dear Editor, I read with great interest the article by Yamamoto et al. titled “Microsatellite Instability: A 2024 Update” published recently in Cancer Science.1 Microsatellite instability (MSI) is gaining more interest, as it is considered a biomarker to determine the eligibility for immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced cancer patients. In the middle of this article, I found that the authors concluded that ARID1A mutation or inactivation is a driver of MSI.