Daniel Abrams

1 Introduction Synchronization is all around us, yet the study of natural biological systems that synchronize—regardless of scale—is relatively lacking. Perhaps one reason for this is the difficulty in obtaining precise measurements. Quantifying neural activity in a brain poses both technical as well as ethical considerations [1]. Alternatively, measuring, for instance, synchronous fireflies presents different difficulties, due to their limited abundance [2].

1 Introduction Synchrony plays a crucial role in the behavior of many animals, often manifesting as coordinated acoustic or visual signals [1]. In many cases, synchrony is thought to emerge due to the evolutionary advantages it provides, as opposed to simply being epiphenomenal.

Clinical trial research, like medicine more generally in the European Union (EU), is regulated by a network of national competent authorities from each of the Member States of the European Economic Area (EEA) working with the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and European Commission. Clinical trials are specifically controlled by the Clinical Trials Regulation (CTR), which was published in 2014 and replaces the Clinical Trials Directive.