Introduction Cryptococcus remains the most common cause of HIV-associated meningitis globally, accounting for approximately 19% of all AIDS-related deaths.1 In Africa, case fatality is 24–45%, even in the context of clinical trials;2–5 undiagnosed co-prevalent opportunistic infections might contribute to poor outcomes.6–8 The epidemiology of opportunistic viral infections in Africa, particularly CNS infections, has been poorly characterised due to the shortage of sensitive diagnostics.9 The...