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AFB1 aflatoxin B1 ALP alkaline phosphatase ALT alanine aminotransferase Arg arginine ASBT apical sodium-dependent bile salt transporter AST aspartate aminotransferase BA bile acids BSEP bile salt export pump BSH bile salt hydrolase CK-19 cytokeratin-19 CYP27A1 cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase CYP8B1 7-α-hydroxycholest-4-en-3-one 12-α-hydroxylase FXR farnesoid X receptor Glu glutamate L-Asp LPS NTCP L-Aspartic Acid Lipopolysaccharides Na+/taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide OATP organic anion...

1. Introduction Click to copy section linkSection link copied! Aflatoxins (AFs) are the general name for secondary metabolites secreted by different toxin-producing fungi, such as Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. (1) These mycotoxins easily infect wheat and barley and are especially potent in rice, corn, beans, and other crops with high water content, as well as their grain and oil products. To date, nearly 20 types of AFs have been isolated and identified.