Dirk Jacob Verschuur

1 Introduction Seismic wavefields propagating through the subsurface are influenced by a range of attenuation phenomena, resulting in pronounced energy dissipation and waveform alteration. Accurate characterization and compensation of the attenuation within the overburden are critical for enhancing the resolution and reliability of seismic imaging and inversion methodologies. Geometric spreading represents one such effect and is typically addressed in most migration algorithms.

INTRODUCTION Understanding multiscale, spatial sedimentary and stratigraphic architecture of reservoirs and the variability of associated discrete and continuous properties is crucial for the advancement of subsurface projects, such as storing CO2 or H2, groundwater or exploring for mineral resources (de Jager, 2021; Simmons et al., 2023). One of main techniques to study the subsurface and the structures herein is seismic reflection data acquisition.