Douglas Epstein

Keywords Ménière disease inner ear hearing GWAS biobanks Introduction Ménière disease (MD) is a chronic inner ear disorder characterized by debilitating episodes of vertigo, fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), tinnitus, and aural fullness.1,2,3 The etiology of MD remains unclear, but it is frequently associated with endolymphatic hydrops, an abnormal accumulation of endolymph within the inner ear.4 Several pathophysiological mechanisms have been proposed, including fluid imbalance,...