Doyeop Kim

Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Data Availability Statement The data that support the findings of this study are available in the supplementary material of this article.

Abstract The success of proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) depends on active and robust electrocatalysts to facilitate oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Heteroatom-doped-RuOx has emerged as a promising electrocatalysts because heteroatoms suppress lattice oxygen participation in the OER, thereby preventing the destabilization of surface Ru and catalyst degradation.