Duanrui Cao

Abstract Click to copy section linkSection link copied! Human exhaled breath carries multidimensional chemical information that reflects dynamic metabolic processes, yet conventional analyses remain fragmented, targeting volatile metabolites while overlooking inorganic components. Herein, a mass spectrometry-based platform has been established to quantitatively obtain integrated rich information on metals, nitric oxide (NO), and metabolites derived from a single exhaled breath sample.

1 Introduction Puerariae lobata (Willd.) Ohwi (PL) and Hovenia acerba Lindl. seeds (HA) are natural and healthy traditional food, often used in soup or tea (Zhang et al. 2023). It is widely consumed around the world. This is mainly because Ge-Zhi soup (GZS) has a wealth of nutrients and medicinal benefits, such as alleviation of liver damage and cardiovascular diseases. GZS is composed of PL, HA, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (CR), Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.