Dugsam Kim

1. Introduction The definition of community is diverse. There are even claims that “community does not exist” (Rosa et al. 2019, p. 10). However, every individual on Earth cannot help but belong to some community or group, even if it is in a negative sense of affiliation (Nakamura 2021, p. 85). Every human being belongs to and exists within some community. As a result, numerous communities have emerged.

1. Introduction Psychology studies human thoughts and behaviors. Among its branches, social psychology, which began with the publication of an introductory text by psychologist McDougall and sociologist Ross in 1908, scientifically investigates how people’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by social contexts, namely the interplay between individuals and society or between individuals themselves.

1. Introduction Modern environmental devastation is characterized by deteriorating atmospheric conditions, water contamination, depletion of soil resources, and reduced biodiversity. We are experiencing the impacts directly through climatic changes such as hotter summers, torrential rains, strong winds, and severe cold waves. It is increasingly concerning that the possibility of human-made mass human extinction may not be far-fetched.